The mythical critique is a branch of literary criticism that is most influenced by Yong's analytical psychology school, and examines myths and ancient prototypes in the structure of the literary work. The main point of connecting these two domains is the scheme of the “collective unconscious memory” and then the “ancient prototypes” that can manifest themselves in myths. Ancient prototypes that form the structural basis of myths are the primitive patterns of human psyche. The most famous of these ancient prototypes are Anima and Animus, which are the element of the evolution of the unconscious psyche of men and women. In this paper, the novel of Kaleidar, written by Mahmoud Dolatabadi, is studied on the basis of the mythical and ancient prototypes critique views to examine how the ancient prototypes of Anima and Animus are observed based on the characteristics of these ancient prototypes in female heroes of the novel.The results indicate the ancient prototype of Anima is visible in the beloved, the mother, the seductive woman, the inspirational woman, the living woman, and the manifestation of Anima is obvious in a woman with a masculine thoughts motivated by her husband, mother and sister. Animus's prototype is also visible in masculine behavior and spirits in women of Kaleidar.